The list of workers from JINR Non-Member States, 2007

The list of workers from JINR Non-Member States, 2008

The world’s first pulsed reactor IBR became the centre of attraction for physicists from the JINR Member States. Close contacts with the Institutes of the JINR Member States contributed significantly to the formation and development of the Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics. With time the forms of international cooperation varied, but FLNP has always been and still remains one of the most international JINR laboratories.

Since the foundation of the Laboratory the specialists from the JINR Member States have taken an active part in the work on preparation of the IBR start-up and first experiments on it. Among them were already experienced physicists Kim Chen Bon, N.Kashukeev, V.Hristov. In different groups worked Sodnom Namsray, Zyong Chong Bay, Kim Chi San, M.Pshitula. A significant contribution to the start of nuclear-physical investigations was made by Hungarian physicists D.Kis, I.Vizi, B.Kardon; Ya.Urbanetz, I.Kvitek from Czech Republik; N.Iliesku, T.Stadnikov, D.Dorchoman from Romania; and Chinese specilists Van Nai-yan, Van Shi-di, Yao Chu-chuan, Chen Lin-yan, Van Yun-chan, Chzhan Pe-shu. The development of condensed matter physics experiments proceeded with the assistance of Polish physicists A.Shkatula Z.Ogzhevalski, I.Zhukovska, K.Parlinski, A.Bajorek, I.Sosnovski, Ye.Sosnovski, A.Holos under the patronage of Prof. Ye.Janik and Prof. B.Buras. Owing to their participation in the first experiments, the cooperation with the scientific centers in Budapest, Krakow, Sverk, Rez has evolved.

The training of scientific specialists in the field of physics of nucleus and nuclear methods of research of condensed matter was also a form of cooperation in some sense. A lot of physicists from Bulgaria, Hungary, Vietnam, Eastern Germany, Korea, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, the USSR and Czechoslovakia have passed through the school of scientific investigations on the first-class installations of the Laboratory. FLNP supplied an electrostatic neutron generator to the Mongolian State University and together with DLNP and FLNR assisted in carrying out first experiments with it. Physicists from different countries wrote their Ph.D. and doctoral theses in FLNP or used the results obtained in FLNP to defend theses in their own countries. It is interesting to note that foreign specialists, whose term of contract with JINR came to the end, returned home and sent new specialists from their Laboratories, scientific departments and Institutes in their places. Thus the whole "dynasties" from the University of Lodz, Poland (H.Maletski, M.Stempinsky, M.Pshitula, K.Nedvedyuk, A.Koreivo, A.Zhak, Yu.Andzheevsky, H.Stanchik-Faikov, K.Tshetziak) from the chair of atomic nucleus of University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria (N.Balabanov, A.Antonov, S.Marinova, М. and R.Mitrikov) from Czechoslovakia (M.Florek, I.Vilgelm, Z.Dlougy, J.Presperin, J.Fogelova F.Tomikova, J.Kliman, J.Krishtyak, A.Duka-Zajomi) from Vietnam (Nguen Nguen Fong, Vo Kim Than and Fung Van Zuan) and from Mongolia (G.Huuhenhuu and Chadraabal) worked in FLNP.

In the international collective of the Laboratory the role of physicists from various countries having wide experience and heading different lines of investigations increased over the years. The JINR Member States began to send to JINR the whole groups of specialists with equipment specially prepared for experiments in FLNP.

The group of Prof. N.Kroo (Hungary) carried out neutron investigations of some problems of magnetism with the spectrometer (constructed in Hungary and delivered to Dubna) that used a principle of mechanical chopping of neutron beams. The second setup of this type was constructed by the specialists from IPPE (USSR). Over many years the work of the Polish physicists studying atomic and molecular motions in solids and liquids has been guided by Prof. E.Janik. This group has created a neutron spectrometer bearing a symbolic name KDSOG,  reflects a joint character of- "Krakow-Dubna" -whose first two letters: KD  developments. The Czechoslovak physicists under the direction of J.Urbanets investigated gamma-decay of neutron resonances using the equipment made in Czechoslovakia. The physicists from Romania and Czechoslovakia under the leadership of Prof. D.Balli and Prof. C.Shimane actively participated in the preparation and carrying out of joint investigations of crystal structure of complex (including biological) objects.

The physicists from the Institute non-member states: Egypt, India, France, Germany, Finland, etc. have also participated in the activities of the Laboratory.

The collaboration of FLNP with the Institutes from the JINR Member States has always had and still has a tendency towards multilateral joint projects within one large topic, and this produces the most interesting results.

The work on creation of the IBR-2 facility is the most striking example of international cooperation. The IBR-2 was created with the assistance of Institutes and plants of Hungary, Romania, Poland, and the USSR. Large physical setups for the reactor beams were designed and assembled in Hungary, Poland, Romania, Czechoslovakia and the USSR.

The measurement and computing center, an integral part of the IBR-2 complex, was designed and constructed in close cooperation with Hungary and the Laboratory of Computer Techniques and Automation (JINR).

At the present time, investigations of unusual properties of ultracold neutrons, mechanism of their absorption in storage vessels and possibilities of their application are carried out in the Institute Laue-Langevin (France) by a large international collective.

Works on neutron activation analysis are conducted on the IBR-2 reactor in close cooperation with Romania, Poland, Mongolia, Russia, Norway and gain in importance in connection with ecological orientation of these investigations.

The start-up of the IBR-2 reactor in 1984 gave powerful impetus to investigations in condensed matter physics with the help of neutron scattering. Physicists from the JINR Member- and non-Member States (Poland, Czechia, Hungary, Germany, Russia, Georgia, etc.) together create new spectrometers and  user-together carry out investigations on them. A new form of cooperation   has been successfully evolving. A scientist from any-policy at IBR-2  University or an Institute of any country can submit a proposal for carrying out an experiment on any operating facility of the reactor. A specialized selection committee of experts will consider this proposal and estimate its technical feasibility. Experts’ recommendations should be complied with and followed. Analysis of the received proposals allows establishing priorities in the distribution of beam time. Within a scheduled period the author of the proposal together with the FLNP specialists carries out the proposed experiment. Further work with the obtained results may be performed by physicists in their own Institutes in contact with FLNP specialists by means of modern communications facilities. Thus, physicists from more than 20 countries participated and will participate in the experiments on the IBR-2 reactor. A significant number of employees of the Laboratory make short- and long-term trips to work in foreign scientific centers. Such form of international cooperation is the most promising and widespread in the scientific world now. Close contacts were established not only with the Institutes and Universities from the JINR member states, but with scientific centers in Grenoble, Julich, Darmstadt, Los Alamos, Geneva (CERN) as well.

It should be emphasized that a number of scientific directions developed in the world science have been initiated by the works first carried out in FLNP. Worthy of mention are investigations of properties of ultracold neutrons, effects of space parity violation in neutron resonances, action of pulse magnetic fields on the structure of matter, application of small-angle techniques.

Various scientific forums organized by FLNP such as Schools on Neutron Physics (I-VIII, Alushta - Dubna, 1969-1998), International Seminars on Interactions of Neutrons with Nuclei (I-XII, Dubna, 1993-2004) play a significant role in strengthening the international cooperation.